Understanding Your Kidney Blood Tests (U&Es/GFR) A Patient Information Guide Your blood tests help your kidney team monitor how well your kidneys are working and identify any problems early. The i...
A Normal Blood Urea Level For most healthy adults, a normal blood urea level (measured via a routine blood test called a Urea and Electrolytes, or U&E test) is typically between 2.5 and 7.8 millim...
A Normal Platelet Count For most adults, a normal blood platelet count (measured as part of a routine blood test called a Full Blood Count, or FBC) is typically between 150 and 400 × 10⁹ cells per lit...
A Normal White Blood Cell Count For most adults, a normal total white blood cell count (measured via a standard blood test called a Full Blood Count, or FBC) is typically between 4.0 and 11.0 × 10⁹ ce...
A Normal Potassium Level For most adults, a normal blood potassium level (measured via a standard blood test called a serum potassium test) is typically between 3.5 and 5.0 millimoles per litre (mmol/...
A Normal Calcium Level For most adults, a normal total blood calcium level (measured via a standard blood test called a serum calcium test) is typically between 2.2 and 2.6 millimoles per litre (mmol/...
A Normal Sodium Level For most adults, a normal blood sodium level (measured via a standard blood test called a serum sodium test) is typically between 135 and 145 millimoles per litre (mmol/L). Sodiu...
A Normal Vitamin D Level For most people, an adequate blood level of vitamin D (measured as 25-hydroxyvitamin D, or 25(OH)D) is considered to be 50 nmol/L (20 ng/mL) or higher. Vitamin D blood levels ...
What is Creatinine? Creatinine is a chemical waste product generated from muscle metabolism and, to a lesser extent, the consumption of meat. It is a critical indicator used by healthcare professional...
Understanding Normal Human Eye Colour and What Affects It Whilst often dismissed as a purely cosmetic trait, eye colour is a complex physiological variable driven by melanin concentration and light sc...
