May 6, 2026
When Should I Worry About Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)?
When Should I Worry About Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)? Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) can be a scary ...
Diabetes Made Simple: 10 Key Facts for Patients Diabetes (DM) is a disease that occurs when your blood glucose, also called blood sugar, is too high. Glucose is your body’s main source of energy...
CKD Made Simple: 10 Key Facts for Patients Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) means your kidneys are not working as well as they should, or they have a long‑term structural problem. It is common, often sile...
Understanding Your Diabetes Blood Tests (Glucose/HbA1c) A Patient Information Guide Your diabetic and metabolic screening blood tests help your healthcare team monitor how your body processes sugars a...
Understanding Your Kidney Blood Tests (U&Es/GFR) A Patient Information Guide Your blood tests help your kidney team monitor how well your kidneys are working and identify any problems early. The i...
A Normal Blood Urea Level For most healthy adults, a normal blood urea level (measured via a routine blood test called a Urea and Electrolytes, or U&E test) is typically between 2.5 and 7.8 millim...
A Normal Potassium Level For most adults, a normal blood potassium level (measured via a standard blood test called a serum potassium test) is typically between 3.5 and 5.0 millimoles per litre (mmol/...
A Normal Calcium Level For most adults, a normal total blood calcium level (measured via a standard blood test called a serum calcium test) is typically between 2.2 and 2.6 millimoles per litre (mmol/...
A Normal Sodium Level For most adults, a normal blood sodium level (measured via a standard blood test called a serum sodium test) is typically between 135 and 145 millimoles per litre (mmol/L). Sodiu...
The 4 Silent Killers: A Doctor’s Guide to Diabetes, Hypertension, Cholesterol, and CKD Written by Dr Andrew Stein, Consultant Nephrologist (Hospital Kidney Specialist). Many of his patients have...
How to Lower Your Blood Glucose and HbA1c Level Chronic high blood glucose, or diabetes, is a leading driver of cardiovascular and systemic damage because it often progresses quietly without obvious s...
