Normal Blood Magnesium Level: Causes of High and Low Magnesium Clinically Reviewed by Dr. Andrew Stein MD, Consultant Physician. Last updated: April 2026 Magnesium is often called the “spark plu...
What Causes a High Blood Potassium Level? Potassium is a powerhouse mineral and electrolyte that is essential for every cell in your body. While sodium primarily manages fluid outside your cells, pota...
How to Perform an Obstetric (Antenatal) Examination An obstetric abdominal examination is performed to monitor fetal growth, assess fetal position, and ensure the well-being of both the mother and the...
How to Perform an Orthopaedic Joint Examination (GALS Screen) The GALS screen (Gait, Arms, Legs, Spine) is a rapid, systematic screening tool used to detect significant abnormalities in the musculoske...
How to Perform a Peripheral Arterial Examination A systematic peripheral arterial examination (or vascular exam) is used to assess the adequacy of the blood supply to the limbs. It is crucial for diag...
How to Perform a Thyroid Examination Clinically Reviewed by Dr. Andrew Stein MD, Consultant Physician. Last updated: April 2026 A thyroid examination is a specialised assessment used to evaluate the t...
How to Perform a Breast Examination A systematic breast examination is vital for the early detection of breast cancer and the assessment of benign breast disease. This examination requires high levels...
How to Perform a Mental State Examination (MSE) Medically Reviewed by Dr Andrew Stein MD, Consultant Physician (Hospital Specialist). Last updated: June 2026 The Mental State Examination (MSE) is the ...
How to Perform a Neurological Examination Performing a systematic limb examination is essential for identifying whether a neurological deficit originates from the Upper Motor Neurons (UMN) in the brai...
How to Perform a Cranial Nerve Examination Performing a systematic neurological examination is a sophisticated clinical skill used to localize lesions within the nervous system. This guide focuses on ...
