It may develop suddenly after an injury or gradually over time due to wear and tear. While many causes of hip pain are mild and improve with rest, some conditions require medical attention.
This article explains five common causes of hip pain, how to recognise them, when hip pain is serious, and when you should see a doctor.
1. Osteoarthritis (OA) of the Hip
Hip osteoarthritis occurs when the protective cartilage in the hip joint slowly wears away. This is one of the most common causes of hip pain in adults over 50.
Common symptoms
- Deep aching pain in the groin, thigh, or buttock
- Stiffness, especially in the morning or after sitting
- Reduced movement of the hip
- Pain that worsens with walking or standing
When to worry
- Pain is present most days
- Hip stiffness is limiting daily activities
- Pain continues to worsen despite rest and pain relief
When to see a doctor
- If hip pain lasts longer than a few weeks
- If walking becomes difficult or painful
- If pain affects sleep or quality of life
Early diagnosis can help slow progression and improve mobility.
2. Hip Bursitis
Hip bursitis is inflammation of a fluid-filled sac (bursa) that cushions the hip joint. It often affects the outer part of the hip.
Common symptoms
- Sharp or burning pain on the outside of the hip
- Pain when lying on the affected side
- Pain when climbing stairs or standing up from a chair
- Tenderness over the hip
When to worry
- Pain lasts longer than 1–2 weeks
- Pain is severe or worsening
- Swelling or redness develops
When to see a doctor
- If rest and pain relief do not help
- If hip pain interferes with sleep
- If pain keeps returning
Treatment may include physiotherapy, anti-inflammatory medication, or injections.
3. Muscle or Tendon Strain
Strains occur when muscles or tendons around the hip are overstretched or torn, often due to sports, sudden movements, or overuse.
Common symptoms
- Pain after activity or injury
- Muscle tightness or weakness
- Pain when lifting the leg or walking
- Mild swelling or bruising
When to worry
- Pain does not improve after a few days
- Pain is getting worse instead of better
- There is difficulty bearing weight
When to see a doctor
- If pain lasts longer than two weeks
- If there is significant swelling or bruising
- If movement is very limited
Most muscle strains improve with rest, ice, and gentle stretching, but persistent pain should be assessed.
4. Hip Labral Tear
The labrum is a ring of cartilage that surrounds the hip socket. Tears can occur from injury, repetitive movements, or structural hip problems.
Common symptoms
- Deep hip or groin pain
- Clicking, locking, or catching sensation
- Pain with twisting or prolonged sitting
- Feeling of hip instability
When to worry
- Mechanical symptoms such as locking or catching
- Pain during everyday movements
- Ongoing discomfort despite rest
When to see a doctor
- If hip pain is persistent and unexplained
- If you experience clicking with pain
- If hip movement feels unstable
Early diagnosis can prevent further joint damage.
5. Referred Pain from the Lower Back
Sometimes hip pain does not originate from the hip joint itself. Problems in the lower spine, such as a slipped disc or sciatica, can cause pain felt in the hip.
Common symptoms
- Pain that radiates from the lower back to the hip
- Burning or shooting pain
- Numbness or tingling down the leg
- Pain worsens with sitting or bending
When to worry
- Weakness in the leg
- Loss of bladder or bowel control (urgent)
- Severe nerve pain
When to see a doctor
- If hip pain is associated with back pain
- If there is numbness or weakness
- If pain persists or worsens
A proper examination helps identify whether the hip or spine is the true source of pain.
When Is Hip Pain an Emergency?
Seek urgent medical attention if hip pain is associated with:
- Inability to walk or bear weight
- Sudden severe pain after a fall or accident
- Fever, redness, or warmth around the hip
- Unexplained weight loss or night pain
Key Takeaway
Hip pain has many possible causes, ranging from minor muscle strains to joint conditions that require treatment.
Persistent hip pain should never be ignored, especially if it affects daily life or mobility. Early assessment and treatment can reduce pain, improve function, and prevent long-term problems.
If you are unsure about the cause of your hip pain, a doctor an help identify the problem and guide appropriate treatment.
