Seeing your child unwell is incredibly stressful. While your instinct may be to head straight to A&E, there are often faster and more appropriate ways to get your child the care they need.
Choosing the right service ensures your child is seen quickly by the right specialist and keeps emergency departments clear for life-threatening cases.
If you believe your child’s life is at risk or they are experiencing a medical emergency, do not delay. Call 999 or go to your nearest Accident & Emergency department.
Go to A&E immediately if your child has:
Difficulty breathing: Grunting noises, chest “sucking in,” or blue/pale lips.
A seizure: A fit that is starting or won’t stop.
Severe pain: Uncontrollable abdominal pain or a major injury.
Non-blanching rash: A rash that does not disappear when a glass is pressed against it (a sign of meningitis).
Dehydration: No wet nappies for 12+ hours or sunken eyes.
Unresponsiveness: They are unusually drowsy or cannot be woken.
Pro Tip: Many larger hospitals have a dedicated Children’s A&E. If your local hospital doesn’t have one, it may be faster to travel slightly further to a specialist paediatric A&E.
If your child needs to be seen today but it isn’t a life-threatening emergency, a UTC is often the best option. These are GP-led and have shorter wait times than A&E.
Best for: Ear infections, high fevers that won’t drop, sore throats, and minor rashes.
Access: No appointment is needed; they are usually open 8 am – 8 pm.
If your child has had an accident but is otherwise acting normally, go to an MIU.
Best for: Possible broken bones, sprains, deep cuts, or minor head bumps (where the child didn’t lose consciousness).
Why choose it: They specialize in “see and treat” for physical trauma, often getting you in and out much faster than a hospital.
If you are unsure how serious the situation is, call 111.
How it helps: Specially trained advisors (and nurses/doctors) can assess your child over the phone.
Direct Booking: They can often book you an emergency slot at a local UTC or out-of-hours GP, so you don’t have to wait in a public lounge.
For long-term health concerns or symptoms that are not getting better after a few days, your GP is the best point of contact.
Best for: Ongoing coughs, behavioral changes, or mild skin conditions.
Many childhood illnesses are viral and will get better with rest and fluids.
Hydration: Encourage small, frequent sips of water or squash.
Medication: Use infant paracetamol or ibuprofen (follow the dosage on the bottle) to manage fever and pain.
The “Red Book”: Always keep your child’s Personal Child Health Record (Red Book) handy. It contains vital growth and vaccination history that doctors need to see.
| Symptom | Service to Use |
| Not breathing / Blue lips | Call 999 |
| Broken bone / Deep cut | Minor Injury Unit (MIU) |
| Earache / High fever | Urgent Treatment Centre (UTC) |
| Persistent cough / Mild rash | GP Surgery |
| Unsure / Need advice | Call 111 |
The Little Orange Book: An excellent NHS resource for parents of under-5s, covering common illnesses and “Red Flags.” Download here.
NHS App: You can often check symptoms and find local services directly through the app.
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