How to Interpret Urine Tests
May 21, 2026
How to Interpret Urine Tests A ‘urine test’ is one of the most common diagnostic tools used by healthcare professionals to monitor kidney function, detect infections, and screen for metabo...
An ultrasound, also known as ultrasonography, is a non-invasive type of medical imaging using high-frequency sound waves to produce images of internal structures.
They have many uses, including: obs & gynae (especially in pregnancy), abdominal, vascular (e.g. for DVTs), cardiac (when it is called an echocardiogram, ECHO), musculoskeletal examination.
It is non-invasive and completely safe; using sound waves, no radiation or needles.
And it can also provide real-time imaging: with dynamic images of moving structures (e.g. heart, foetus).
An ultrasound is performed by a sonographer (or an x-ray doctor called a radiologist) who applies a clear gel to the skin and moves a handheld transducer (probe) over the area being scanned.
This transducer emits high-frequency sound waves that bounce off internal organs and tissues, creating echoes that the machine receives.
A computer instantly turns these echoes into a real-time image on a monitor to be viewed by the sonographer.
How to Interpret Urine Tests A ‘urine test’ is one of the most common diagnostic tools used by healthcare professionals to monitor kidney function, detect infections, and screen for metabo...
What is a Urine Dipstick Test? A urine dipstick test, also known as a urinalysis, is one of the most common medical screening tools. It is a rapid test used to detect various substances in the u...
Microalbuminuria | Causes, Symptoms, Treatment What is microalbuminuria? Microalbuminuria is a condition where there is a small increase in the amount of albumin protein in your urine. It can be an ea...
Normal Cardiac Biomarker Levels : Causes of a High and Low Troponin and BNP Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes and proteins released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is stressed or damaged. Whil...
