Andy Stein
June 2, 2026

5 Stages of CKD

Save article
[favorite_button post_id="" site_id=""]
This is how the AI article summary could look. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

5 Stages of CKD

Below are the 5 stages in the CKD classification.

The CKD stage describes the severity of the chronic kidney disease – the higher the grade (stage), the worse the kidney function.

The 5 stages are based on something called ‘GFR’ (glomerular filtration rate). Normal GFR is 90-120 mls/min.

GFR is a blood test which estimates the level of function of the kidney – the higher the GFR, the better the kidney function (and therefore the lower stage of CKD that the patient will be in).


5 stages of CKD

We will now go through the 5 CKD stages in more detail.

CKD1+2 – Risk factor for developing CKD (eGFR 60-120 mls/min; i.e. kidney function can be normal at these stages)

  • Symptoms: no symptoms
  • Treatment: no specific treatment for this stage of CKD. Risk factors for CKD should be looked at and treated if needed (for example high blood pressure). A risk factor in this example is a lifestyle or environmental factor that increases the chance of developing a medical condition
  • Progression: not all patients in CKD1-2 progress to CKD3. Some can get better.

CKD3A+B – Mild CKD (eGFR 30-59 mls/min)

  • Symptoms: no symptoms or mild symptoms
  • Treatment: treat the cause of CKD, and make sure blood pressure and blood glucose are in the correct range (if diabetic). This will help stop CKD worsening
  • Progression: not all patients in CKD3 progress to CKD4. Many stabilise, and a few get better.

CKD4 – Moderate CKD (eGFR 15-29 mls/min)

  • Symptoms: moderate
  • Treatment: treat cause of CKD and ensure blood pressure and blood glucose are in the right range
  • Progression: many (but not all) patients in CKD4 progress to CKD5. Some stabilise, and a few get better.

Note. Some patients need to prepare for dialysis or transplant when their CKD becomes stage 4.

 CKD5 – Severe CKD (kidney failure) (eGFR < 15 mls/min)

  • Symptoms: severe
  • Treatment: start dialysis or kidney transplant, or give supportive care (no dialysis/transplant)
  • Progression: a small number of patients in CKD5 come off dialysis, and revert to to CKD4 (or better). Most need lifelong dialysis or a kidney transplant. Patients with type 1 diabetes may need a combined kidney and pancreas transplant.

Summary

We have described the 5 stages of CKD. We hope it has been helpful.

Related Posts

Share this article

Your feedback matters to us!

Comments

    Leave a Reply

    Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

    myHSN is here to help you get the best you can out of the NHS.

    Full of top tips and advice from health care professionals on how the NHS works and how you can make sure it works for you.
    Copyright © 2025 Health Service Navigator