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What’s the colour of normal urine? In this article we will describe what colour should urine be. So. What colour should urine be?   The yellow colour of urine comes from a pigment called urochrome, which is produced during the breakdown of haemoglobin. Urine is usually pale straw or transparent yellow, but its colour can change […]

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10 faeces facts 1. What is faeces? Faeces (poo) is mostly water (about 70-75%). 2. Composition (other) There are alot of bacteria in poo. The remaining 25-30% is bacterial biomass, fibre, dead and live cells, mucus, and other solid materials like cellulose from vegetables. The bacteria in poo can be either living or dead, and […]

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NHS Regions and Integrated Care Boards (ICBs) These are the regional and subregional organisations which administer all aspects of the NHS in England. Subregional integrated care boards (ICBs) replaced clinical commissioning groups (CCGs) in the NHS in England on 1st July 2022. There are 42 of them. Here they are, divided by the 7 NHS […]

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10 questions and answers about STDs In this article we will provide 10 questions and answers about sexually-transmitted diseases (STDs). 1. Is there a difference between an STD and STI? In the very technical sense, yes. ‘STD’ stands for Sexual Transmitted Disease. ‘STI’ stands for Sexually Transmitted Infection. Practically, they are very similar (and equivalent) […]

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How to take a sexual history This page is mainly written for health professionals. The following questions are part of the 5P’s approach to taking a sexual history: Partners Practices Protection from STDs Past History of STDs Pregnancy Intention. Asking these questions facilitates your understanding of a patient’s HIV risk factors, identifies any screenings or […]

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What are the 10 most common drugs for bipolar disorder (BPD)? In this article we will describe the 10 most common drugs for bipolar disorder. Antipsychotic drugs for bipolar disorder If you are currently experiencing a manic or hypomanic episode, your doctor is likely to prescribe you an antipsychotic drug. Your doctor is also likely […]

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10 best drugs for weight loss (including Ozempic) In this article we will describe the 10 best drugs for weight loss. Not all are available in the UK. There is not really a ‘best one’. It is more about finding the right one for you, after discussion with your doctor. It is not wise to […]

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What are the 10 most effective antipsychotic tablets? In this article, we will describe what are the 10 best antipsychotic tablets. What are antipsychotics used for? Antipsychotics may be prescribed to reduce the symptoms of: Psychosis Schizophrenia Schizoaffective disorder Severe anxiety, in some cases Bipolar disorder – to help control hypomania and mania Depression – […]

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What is an Acute Medical Unit (AMU)? An Acute Medical Unit (AMU) is a short-stay ward/department in some UK – and other countries’ – hospitals that may be linked to an A&E but functions as a separate department. It specialises in the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with acute medical problems that require urgent attention, but do […]

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What are the 10 most common antidepressants? In this article we will describe what are the 10 most common antidepressants. Here goes. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) These are the most prescribed type of antidepressant. They are powerful and effective drugs. Fluoxetine is the best known of the SSRIs. Other SSRIs include: citalopram, escitalopram, paroxetine, […]